Analisis Kelayakan Industri Penyamakan Kulit di Kawasan Industri Aceh Ladong, Aceh Besar, Aceh

The growth of industrial sector has increased. Especially for leather industries. Production of UPT Pengolahan Kulit Ladong in the form of wet blue tanned skin will be expected to cover some of the needs of national market demand. The purpose of this research is to analyze the operational feasibility of UPT Pengolahan Kulit Ladong from legal aspect, market aspect, technical aspect, management aspect, and also financial aspect. The object of this research is at UPT Pengolahan Kulit Ladong, Aceh Ladong Industrial Estate, Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh Province. The method to be used for research is techno-economical method. Data analysis consists of legal aspect analysis, market aspect analysis, technical aspect analysis, management aspect analysis, and financial aspect analysis. The results of this study indicate that in terms of legal aspects able to meet the requirements of legality, the market aspect seen from the still many unmet needs of skin that demand reached 20 million pieces of skin per year for the national market, technical aspects, to produce wet blue tanned skin can use the machine and equipment that already exist in UPT Pengolahan Kulit Ladong and already installed, management aspect that is with the availability of raw materials, it is expected when human resources are available also for UPT immediately operated and produce, and financial aspect where MARR: 10% , NPV: Rp. 286.089.235 (NPV> 0), BEP: 96%, PP: 4 Years 5 Months 19 Days, and IRR: 12.28%, so for the operation and production of UPT Pengolahan Kulit Ladong is feasible to run based on the analysis of whole aspects

Kontradiksi Dalam Konsep Politik Islam Eksklusif Sayyid Quthb

Perkembangan kelompok Islam eksklusif yang mengklaim keimanan dan ideologinya paling benar ketimbang yang lainnya semakin merebak dewasa ini. Kelompok itu tidak hanya terwujud dalam gerakan kultural saja, akan tetapi juga mewujud dalam gerakan politik. Di Indonesia, gerakan ini digaungkan oleh kelompok-kelompok yang mempropagandakan berlakunya syariat Islam sebagai undang-undang dan khilafah Islamiyah sebagai sistem negara. Artikel ini berusaha untuk membahas tentang pemikiran politik Sayyid Quthb yang dinilai sebagai seorang inspirator para pemikir politik Islam eksklusif setelahnya. Dengan menggunakan metode kritik intern dan ekstern, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa pemikiran Sayyid Quthb sebenarnya sangat dipengaruhi oleh dominasi konteks konflik lokal Mesir maka dari itu masih perlu dipertanyakan tentang keuniversalan konsep-konsepnya. Dalam mengikuti manhaj al-Qur\u27an dan para Salaf al-salih, Sayyid Quthb kurang kritis tentang mengapa manhaj tersebut digunakan sehingga dalam pergerakan politiknya ia menggunakan manhaj yang tidak relevan bila dibawa ke zaman modern.The development of Islamic exclusive sect who claim truest faith and ideology than the another is more wide spread today. The sect is not only manifested in the cultural movement, but also manifests themselves in political movements. This movement spread by sect that propagate into force of Islamic law as the law and the Islamic khilafah as a state system in Indonesia. This article discusses about the political thought of Sayyid Quthb considered as an inspiration exclusive Islamic political thinkers there after. By using internal and external criticism method, the authors conclude that the thought of Sayyid Quthb in factstrongly influenced by the dominance of the Egyptian context of local conflicts and therefore still need to be questioned about the universality of concept. Infollowing the Qur\u27an and the manhaj of the Salaf al-salih, Sayyid Quthbless critical about why the manhaj used. So in the political movement, he usesthe irrelevant manhaj to applied in the modern era

Tendon Healing After Echinacea Purpurea Intake: Histological and Biomechanical Evaluation

Introduction.Tendon injury is a major problem in sports and occupational medicine. Various methods have already been utilized to accelerate healing process and to allow recovery of normal mo9rphology and function of tendon. Among those is the use of herbal medicine, including Echinacea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of echinacea on tendon healing through histological and biomechanical evaluation. Material and Methods.This is an experimental study with post-test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were included in the study and have their Achilles tendon injured and repaired. They were randomly allocated into 6 groups. Three groups received 15 mg echinachea, while the others three served as control. One group from echinachea and control group were sacrificed at week-2, -4, and -6 for histological evaluation using Bonar score. Biomechanical test was also performed at week-6. Results.In biomechanical test, force required to rupture echinachea and control group was 49.68±6.73 and 30.8±1.04 N (p=0.003). In histological evaluation at week-6, tenocyte and collagen score between each group varied significantly (p=0.003 and p=0.005 respectively). At week-4, tenocyte score between each group varied significantly (p=0.004). The collagen score between each group also varied significantly (p=0.031). There was no difference in Bonar score between each group at week-2. Conclusions. Echinacea gives tendon healing a better biomechanical property as well as higher tenocyte and collagen score. The higher scores are obvious after week-4

TOWARDS ECO-URBAN SETTLEMENT: LEARNING FROM LOW-MID HOUSING VACANCY PHENOMENA IN THE CITY OF BEKASI

Eco-urban settlement is integrated concept of environment sustainability and urban settlement. As a dominant element in urban area, housing plays a critical role in producing sustainable settlement as it significantly influences physical environmental quality as well as social and economic productivity. The provision of decent housing therefore become strategic approach to produce such a strong urban community that will functions as an importance factor in enhancing urban sustainability. However, it is not a simple idea as housing decency is a conditional aspect with regard to heterogeneous needs and housing characteristics. In dealing with urban housing insufficiency, the Government of Indonesia has introduced a housing ownership program for low to mid income people. This strategy in some extent offers social, economic and environmental benefits and forms strong neighbourhood and communities that will be valuable capital for enhancing urban sustainability. However, this strategy does not present its incentives as it puts its orientation on quantitative measure rather than social aspect. This paper exposes the condition of low-mid income housing policy implementation in relation to eco-urban settlement process. The fact that about 40.2% of abandoned low-mid income houses in the municipality of Bekasi, in West Java, Indonesia indicates the importance of social dimension in dealing with sustainable urban settlement objectives. Regression analysis of data both at macro and micro levels discloses the correlation between low mid people needs and the abandonment. The result shows the importance of integrating social dimension into the housing provision strategy for effectively achievingeco-urban settlement goal

DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN PENYEDIAAN INFRASTRUKTUR DASAR TERHADAP TINGKAT HUNIAN PERUMAHAN MENENGAH KE BAWAH

Rumah mempunyai fungsi yang multidimensi. Selain fungsi fisik, rumah juga mempunyai fungsi sosial dan ekonomi yang dapat terlihat dari pemanfaatannya. Agar dapat berfungsi secara layak, rumah harus dilengkapi infrastruktur dasar seperti taman, ruang terbuka, jaringan jalan dan sistem transportasi, jaringan listrik dan air minum. Penyediaan tersebut harus sesuai dengan tata ruang yang ada sehingga dapat mendukung berbagai kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi baik dalam skala lingkungan perumahan maupun kota. Namun kenyataannya banyak pengembangan perumahan tidak didukung infrastruktur dasar yang memadai sehingga tidak berfungsi optimal. Orientasi kebijakan pengembangan perumahan pada pencapaian target kuantitas - khususnya untuk segmen menengah ke bawah - tampaknya ikut memengaruhi penyediaan infrastruktur dasar perumahan yang berdampak sangat penting terhadap tingkat hunian perumahan. Tulisan ini mengungkapkan dampak kebijakan penyediaan infrastruktur dasar terhadap kepuasan pada perumahan menengah ke bawah. Dari analisis tingkat makro dan mikro terhadap data lapangan yang dikumpulkan pada beberapa sampel perumahan menengah ke bawah di kota Bekasi dapat diungkapkan pentingnya pengaruh kebijakan penyediaan infrastruktur dasar terhadap daya dukung fungsional suatu perumahan. Melalui identifikasi permasalahan tersebut diturunkan strategi peningkatan pemenuhan infrastruktur dasar perumahan melalui pelibatan semua pelaku pembangunan perumahan. Kata kunci: infrastruktur dasar, kualitas perumahan, tingkat hunian, perumahan kelas bawah dan menengah Housing has multi dimensional function. Beside of physical function, housing has also social and economic ones which can bee seen from its utilization. In order to be in decent function houses must be completed with basic infrastructures such as parks, open spaces, road transportation system, electricity, and water. The provision has to in accordance with existing spatial planning so that it can support social and economic activities both in settlement and urban scales. However in reality many housing developments have not been included proper basic infrastructure so that it could not be well in function. Housing development policy that refers on quantitative achievement rather than qualitative one - especially on low to middle income group - seems to influence housing basic infrastructure provision that produce significant impact on housing occupancy level. This paper exposes the influence of policy on basic infrastructure provision on low to middle income housing satisfaction. From macro and micro levels analysis data upon collected field data of some housing samples at the city of Bekasi, it discloses the importance of basic infrastructure policy on housing functional capacity. By understanding the problem, than it can be formulated appropriate strategies to enhance the fulfilment of basic infrastructure by involving all stakeholders in housing development. Key Words: basic infrastructure, settlement quality, level of occupancy, low to middle income housin

Kedudukan Advokat Dalam Pasal 5 Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2003 Tentang Advokat Perspektif Hukum

This study aims to determine how Islam views which in this case is limited only four schools of opinion about the position of an advocate as law enforcement. In Islam indeed advocates known as providers of legal bantuah namely Hakam, mufti and mashalih alaih that functions similar to advokat.Penelitian function is called normative research with descriptive methods comparative analysis between positive law and Islamic law, namely Law No. 18 2003 and scholarly opinion four schools as primary data. Secondary data were taken from books or books that explain the legal theory of primary data. Article 5 of Law No. 18 of 2003 on lawyers has been explained that the position of advocate parallel with other law enforcement such as judges, prosecutors and police. But in fact appear black advocates not to enforce the law but instead became mafias that sell traded equity law. For it will be studied how exactly Islam\u27s view of the position of Advocates with the formulation of the problem sebegai follows, first how the views of Islamic law for the position of advocate in Article 5 of Law No. 18 of 2003 on advocates, who both like where the relevance of Islam\u27s view of the position of advocate in enforcement law in Indonesia. From research conducted authors argue for their refisi against the law number 18 of 2003 on advocates. alignment between advocates and other law enforcement must be followed by the high quality of an advocate and supervision of the performance of lawyers in order to minimize the occurrence of fraud in practice in providing legal aid.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan Islam yang dalam hal ini hanya dibatasi pendapat empat madzhab tentang kedudukan advokat sebagai penegak hukum. Dalam Islam memang advokat dikenal sebagai lembaga pemberi bantuah hukum yaitu hakam, mufti dan mashalih alaih yang secara fungsi hampir sama dengan fungsi advokat. Penelitian ini disebut penelitian normatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis perbandingan antara hukum positif dan hukum Islam, yaitu undang-undang nomor 18 tahun 2003 dan pendapat ulama empat madzhab sebagai data primer. Data sekunder diambil dari kitab-kitab atau buku-buku teori hukum yang menjelaskan tentang data primer. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan penulis berpendapat perlunya adanya refisi terhadap undang-undang nomor 18 tahun 2003 tentang advokat. kesejajaran antara advokat dan penegak hukum lainya harus diikuti dengan tingginya kualitas seorang advokat dan pengawasan terhadap kinerja advokat agar bisa meminimalisir terjadinya penyelewengan dalam praktiknya dalam memberi bantuan hukum

Efektivitas Pembelajaran Biologi Berorientasi Literasi Saintifik

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan keefektifan pendekatan saintifik dalam pembelajaran biologi berorientasi literasi saintifik. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X program ilmu pengetahuan alam dari salah satu sekolah menengah di Kudus. Keefektifan diukur berdasarkan nilai ukuran efek Cohen d berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest yang diambil menggunakan desain deret waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keefektifan pendekatan saintifik dalam pembelajaran biologi berorientasi literasi saintifik berada di kategori sedang dengan nilai 0,548. Melalui penelitian ini, terungkap bahwa pendekatan saintifik dapat menjadi tawaran model pembelajaran berorientasi literasi saintifik serta tidak dapat ditemukan model terbaik untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan alam termasuk biologi

Poincar\'{e}'s Observation and the Origin of Tsallis Generalized Canonical Distributions

In this paper, we present some geometric properties of the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) Tsallis- distributions under energy constraint. In the case q > 1, these distributions are proved to be marginals of uniform distributions on the sphere; in the case q < 1, they can be constructed as conditional distribu- tions of a Cauchy law built from the same uniform distribution on the sphere using a gnomonic projection. As such, these distributions reveal the relevance of using Tsallis distributions in the microcanonical setup: an example of such application is given in the case of the ideal gas.Comment: 2 figure

Vocal imitation for query by vocalisation

PhD ThesisThe human voice presents a rich and powerful medium for expressing sonic ideas such as musical sounds. This capability extends beyond the sounds used in speech, evidenced for example in the art form of beatboxing, and recent studies highlighting the utility of vocal imitation for communicating sonic concepts. Meanwhile, the advance of digital audio has resulted in huge libraries of sounds at the disposal of music producers and sound designers. This presents a compelling search problem: with larger search spaces, the task of navigating sound libraries has become increasingly difficult. The versatility and expressive nature of the voice provides a seemingly ideal medium for querying sound libraries, raising the question of how well humans are able to vocally imitate musical sounds, and how we might use the voice as a tool for search. In this thesis we address these questions by investigating the ability of musicians to vocalise synthesised and percussive sounds, and evaluate the suitability of different audio features for predicting the perceptual similarity between vocal imitations and imitated sounds. In the first experiment, musicians were tasked with imitating synthesised sounds with one or two time–varying feature envelopes applied. The results show that participants were able to imitate pitch, loudness, and spectral centroid features accurately, and that imitation accuracy was generally preserved when the imitated stimuli combined two, non-necessarily congruent features. This demonstrates the viability of using the voice as a natural means of expressing time series of two features simultaneously. The second experiment consisted of two parts. In a vocal production task, musicians were asked to imitate drum sounds. Listeners were then asked to rate the similarity between the imitations and sounds from the same category (e.g. kick, snare etc.). The results show that drum sounds received the highest similarity ratings when rated against their imitations (as opposed to imitations of another sound), and overall more than half the imitated sounds were correctly identified with above chance accuracy from the imitations, although this varied considerably between drum categories. The findings from the vocal imitation experiments highlight the capacity of musicians to vocally imitate musical sounds, and some limitations of non– verbal vocal expression. Finally, we investigated the performance of different audio features as predictors of perceptual similarity between the imitations and imitated sounds from the second experiment. We show that features learned using convolutional auto–encoders outperform a number of popular heuristic features for this task, and that preservation of temporal information is more important than spectral resolution for differentiating between the vocal imitations and same–category drum sounds